Finding your fit: the relationship between stress, career and creativity

Business Impact: Finding your fit – the relationship between stress, career and creativity

Finding your fit: the relationship between stress, career and creativity

Business Impact: Finding your fit – the relationship between stress, career and creativity
Business Impact: Finding your fit – the relationship between stress, career and creativity

While an optimal amount of stress can help you focus and perform better, ‘bad’ stress and anxiety can impair your ability, says the author of Beat Stress at Work, Mark Simmonds. That’s why your characteristics and your work must be a good fit

Fit is everything.

If you want to give yourself the best chance possible of enjoying a rewarding career – one where you are able to fulfil the loftiest of ambitions – it’s important that you’re able to choose a path where you are able to manage ‘bad’ stress as much as possible. One way of doing this is to treat your job in the same way you would treat a personal relationship. In other words, look for a job where there is a close alignment between your own values and those of the company. If there is misalignment between the two for too long, the pressure will mount and it will more than likely end in tears.

This is what happened to me when I kicked off my career. It was really painful.

The prolonged panic attack

In my early twenties, I started working for Unilever, the global consumer goods company – one of the largest in the world. Its household brands, like Dove, Axe, Knorr, Magnum and Domestos are available in around 190 countries.

Unilever also has one of the most respected management trainee programmes for young people who want to forge a career in marketing. I succeeded in joining it when I was 25, working for Birds Eye Wall’s, one of its operating companies at the time and I was pretty proud of my achievement. The career roadmap was now neatly laid out in front of me and the future seemed bright.

A year later, I found myself pacing up and down the basement of the Birds Eye Wall’s building liked a caged animal. I was alone, surrounded only by freezers full of frozen peas, beef burgers and fish fingers and my own confused thoughts. I was trying to work out why I was suddenly feeling so anxious, why I seemed incapable of completing the most basic of tasks at my desk upstairs. I needed a bit of head space, away from people, to think clearly and work out what was going on in my frazzled mind. At the time, I was only a trainee, the lowest of the low. Admittedly, I had now been handed a little more responsibility and people in the team were relying on me to get things done, but I was still a relatively insignificant cog in the wheel.

Yerkes, Dodson and the electrocuted rat

I didn’t know it at the time, but I was experiencing a prolonged panic attack. During those ‘basement wandering days’, I felt frightened and agitated all the time. Back in 1908, two psychologists, Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, discovered that mild electric shocks could be used to motivate rats to complete a maze, but when the shocks became too strong, they would start panicking and scurry around the maze haphazardly in an attempt to escape. This became the basis of the Yerkes-Dodson Law which suggested there is a clear link between performance and arousal.

For example, an optimal amount of stress will help you focus on an exam and remember all the key facts. You might feel energised, stimulated, even exhilarated. That is ‘good stress’ and this might help you perform even better. But too much anxiety can impair your ability to remember anything worth writing down on the exam paper. You might freeze and become incapable of thinking straight. That’s ‘bad stress’ when you might not even perform at all. For what it’s worth, I felt like that electrocuted rat.

A round peg in a square hole 

When I was writing the book, Beat Stress at Work, I reflected back on that period and tried to work out what had gone wrong. What was it that had caused me to suffer from the prolonged panic attack and the years of discomfort that followed working at Birds Eye Wall’s? The problem was fit. I was a round peg in a square hole.

By nature, I was more of a creative type and enjoyed ruminating and cogitating, playing around with ideas and concepts, preferably on my own. I liked to have time and space to think things through. However, Birds Eye Wall’s was a fast-paced environment where making decisions quickly was very much the order of the day. Long ‘to do’ lists and pressing deadlines were very much the order of the day and all the beautiful inefficiency associated with the creative process was frowned on.

Matching careers and characteristics  

I developed the Matchmaker to help people make good career choices. It identifies a number of characteristics that define the DNA of both the company and the individual. The goal is to try and ensure that there are as many matches as possible, because the more matches there are, the more aligned the needs of both parties will be, and the less likely that ‘bad’ stress will rear its ugly head.

You can see in the Matchmaker table that in the case of Birds Eye Wall’s and me, that it was only ‘team orientation’ where alignment existed. For crucial pairings such as ‘focus on people development’ vs. ‘focus on task completion’ and ‘bias towards introverts’ vs. ‘bias towards extroverts’, the company and I were misaligned. Over a period of time, this misalignment began to cause me more and more ‘bad stress’.                            

So, how do you use the Matchmaker?

1* If your current job is causing you significant ‘bad’ stress, use this framework to highlight the differences that exist between you and the company, dimension by dimension. Put your name and your company’s name in the relevant boxes and insert a star where your names appear side by side.

2* Use the completed framework as the basis for a constructive conversation with your employers to see if you can achieve greater alignment. Be prepared to discuss the source(s) of your stress. Try and agree what they can do, what you can do.

3* Alternatively, if you are on the lookout for a new job, then use the dimensions of the Matchmaker to help you identify companies/positions where there is likely to be greater alignment between you and them.

Remember that fit is everything. Don’t be a square peg in a round hole if you can avoid it.

Mark Simmonds runs a creativity agency called GENIUS YOU and is the author of Beat Stress at Work

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The hybrid workplace: how to prioritise mental wellbeing and inclusiveness

Business Impact - The hybrid workplace: how to prioritise mental wellbeing and inclusiveness

The hybrid workplace: how to prioritise mental wellbeing and inclusiveness

Business Impact - The hybrid workplace: how to prioritise mental wellbeing and inclusiveness
Business Impact - The hybrid workplace: how to prioritise mental wellbeing and inclusiveness

The past two years have been a roller coaster for industries worldwide. Covid-19 lockdowns caused most companies to transition to online work, with people working from home for most of 2020 and the start of 2021. As countries have started to open up once more, the effects of online work have remained. Many companies are now engaging in a hybrid working environment in which employees work partly remotely and partly on-site.

Hybrid models come with many benefits, and many employees prefer them for their flexibility. Therefore, it’s likely that hybrid models will stay for good. However, there are a few issues with this model. As society is now more focused on mental health, experts are asking whether a hybrid model can adequately address mental health issues and employees’ inclusiveness.

Can remote work be damaging to mental wellbeing?

At first glance, working in the comfort of your own home sounds like a brilliant idea. But after spending long periods of remote working, there are obvious drawbacks.

The most obvious issue associated with remote work is the lack of social interaction. Lack of in-person speaking can feel very lonely if you are a very social person. Before lockdowns, many people spent most of their day working with colleagues. The absence of in-person interaction also makes it more difficult to feel included or part of a work family.

More hidden problems can arise from losing the ability to separate your work life from your home life. When traveling to a physical workplace, you have a set amount of hours, and you can fully disconnect once you’re back home. When working from home, it’s harder to disconnect from work once you’ve finished your day. This can lead to higher stress levels due to worrying about looming deadlines and unfinished tasks.

Furthermore, people tend to work longer hours when working from home. This can be because there is no good end to the workday. When working on-site, you often have to finish at a specific time in order to get home on time. The incentive to get home simply isn’t there when you’re remote working. So many people end up working longer hours when finishing a lengthy task.

How can companies deal with these issues?

This issue needs to be addressed by companies that favour a remote or hybrid working model. Although changes may not solve all problems, companies can promote practices to improve inclusiveness and mental wellbeing.

Companies can do this by trying to increase social contact in remote environments. The same technology that enables remote working can be used to improve social contact. Most employees now will be familiar with online meetings and remote communication for work. Companies can set up meetings and group chats that are not for formal work. Instead, these meetings can allow employees to relax and have casual conversations.

Sarah Bennett, CIO of Mercator IT Solutions, shared how the company has managed to improve their employee wellbeing and boost their retention rates. ‘We have our formal channels but we also have a ‘Coffee Break’ thread – this is the place that less work-related chat can go on, a bit of friendly banter, suggestions for social calls (not all video calls have to be for meetings!) etc. When clear policies are in place that ensure staff know how the channels should be used and what is and is not acceptable, it can work very well. Aside from this, there are so many things that can be provided for everyone to access that can support wellbeing, such as access to virtual yoga and mindfulness sessions, and exercise classes.’

If there are policies in place to ensure staff knows what’s appropriate for these relaxed group chats, they can help reduce loneliness in remote environments effectively.

Bennett continued: ‘It’s the very technology that enables remote working that is the key to maintaining the social contact that staff would ordinarily get in the office. All the platforms have chat functions, file sharing and video conferencing technologies and while companies need to ensure the channels are not misused there is clearly an opportunity for these platforms to be used to connect staff. Regular meetups to discuss work and hurdles that are being met are vital – the onus is on employees’ line managers to be more proactive in maintaining communication.’

Another great practice is encouraging social breaks throughout the day to replicate breaks in the workplace. Breaks in remote working might, for example, result in staff spending a few minutes on their phone or watching something on Netflix. Having breaks where staff can relax and talk among each other on group chats or meeting rooms allows for healthy social interaction throughout the day. It also helps staff disconnect when they’re not in working hours. Talking with friends can reduce stress or worry about ongoing tasks in the office.

Ebo Aneju is a Content Writer at SEO agency, Pearl Lemon.

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How to find your purpose in a post-Covid world

Business Impact: How to find your purpose in a post-Covid world

How to find your purpose in a post-Covid world

Business Impact: How to find your purpose in a post-Covid world
Business Impact: How to find your purpose in a post-Covid world

As we re-evaluate our work lives post-Covid-19, reflecting on, or discovering, individual purpose is becoming more important than ever before.

The growing search for purpose

According to author and motivational speaker, Simon Sinek, it all starts with finding your personal ‘why’. Sinek describes ‘why’ as the one thing you care about more than anything else in the world. When you ‘start with why’, you can then further understand the purpose.

We live in a time where many individuals are re-evaluating work. Some have branded this ‘the Great Resignation’. A number of people have lost their jobs, and many more are working remotely or in a hybrid way. People are resigning as they strive to find purpose and meaning in their work and lives and thinking about the legacy they want to leave – not a financial legacy, but their stamp on the world.

Many have been through great emotional and physical upheaval during the last two years, and world events have caused us to think about work in ways we would never have, pre-Covid. We are all re-evaluating what we want out of our lives. The conversation about purpose and work is going mainstream, but some people may be unsure how to find it.

A recent article in the Harvard Business Review shows that most people who work aren’t happy in their jobs, and that to increase happiness they need to focus on purpose. In the US alone, 65% of employees are looking for a new job, according to a 2021 survey by PwC. That’s a huge shift from what it was like just two years ago, when only 20% of employees were looking to make a career move.

According to a survey on what matters most to employees in the post-Covid world from the Barrett Values Centre, making a difference for the world is now one of the top aspirations for employees. Various other studies conducted over the years show that our current working culture is not conducive to happiness, and companies are beginning to realise this. Even before the pandemic, we saw evidence (discussed in my 2014 book, The Management Shift) of low levels of engagement, trust, passion for work and lack of purpose. Employees are becoming more aware about their work-life balance and are looking for companies that offer meaningful careers and purpose, instead of short-term payoffs.

Uncovering your purpose

Regardless of the path you choose, there will always be challenges to face. However, if you have taken the time to reflect on your passions, purpose and motivations, you will increase your resilience and be better prepared for whatever comes your way. Individuals as well as businesses need to re-examine the way they do things and take conscious steps towards creating a mindset and culture of purpose.

Purpose is a powerful motivator. People who feel like they are working towards something greater than themselves are happier, more productive, and more engaged than those who are not. So how do you get started?

A good starting point to uncover your purpose would be to reflect on the following questions:

  • What were your childhood dreams? What were you passionate and excited about, and can you remember that feeling?
  • What are you intrinsically motivated to do?
  • What energises you?
  • What is your mission?
  • What are you good at?

If you are a young professional, you might also find it useful to consider these questions:

  • What does my future look like?
  • How do I get there?
  • What do I want to get out of my career?
  • Where do I want to be in five, 10 or 20 years?
  • How can I find fulfilment in my job?
  • How can I make my work meaningful?

The challenges we face when growing up, such as finding our place in the world and learning to balance life with work and family, have not changed throughout human history. Yet in today’s fast-paced world, most adults suffer from a lack of fulfilment because they are too focused on what they need to do rather than why they want to do it. As a result, their inner child is pushed aside and ignored. Our collective happiness depends on balancing our responsibilities with our desires.

If you are still searching for purpose, you could benefit from having a few different conversations with people who know you well and would be open enough to talk with you about your life, feelings and interests. They may find common themes that you have missed. Finally, imagine your ideal day. Where have you gone? What exactly are you doing? Use all of your senses. Picture your day, see the image big, bright and colourful right in front of you. Whatever makes you feel good, it is guiding you towards your purpose.

In this new world that is emerging, it is very important to discover and live to your inner purpose to increase levels of resilience, wellbeing, meaning and happiness. We can choose how we approach life and its challenges, and living a meaningful life is one of the important tools we can use to thrive, both now and in the future.

Vlatka Ariaana Hlupic is a Professor of Leadership and Management at Hult Ashridge Executive Education, Hult International Business School. She is also the Founder and CEO of the training, coaching and consultancy firm, Management Shift Solutions Limited, as well as the author of The Management Shift and Humane Capital.

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The entrepreneurial future of the workplace

Business Impact: The entrepreneurial future of the workplace

What is the future of the physical and virtual workplace? Birmingham Business School’s Endrit Kromidha and Matthew Thomas consider the rise of entrepreneurial work and the dangers of losing unplanned and in-person exchanges of ideas

A shortage of containers for international shipping, missing products from supermarket shelves and an absence of workers to fill cars with fuel in petrol stations can, in great part, be attributed to a global mobility crisis due to the pandemic.

Excluding the violence, similar situations have been faced only in times of war. As expected, the response from business has been to innovate and adapt in order to survive and potentially gain a competitive advantage for the long run.

In times of crisis and when the future is unknown, it becomes necessary and therefore easier for everyone to dare more. This article reflects on the rise of entrepreneurial work, digital platforms for doing more remotely, and the hybrid future of the office, drawing implications for business graduates and managers.

Entrepreneurial work

Proactiveness has been shown to be a key characteristic of entrepreneurial orientation, related to actively seeking, creating and exploiting business opportunities. The current pandemic has been very challenging, but it has also created opportunities through systemic changes.

Many business leaders have, typically, pushed the pressure to be proactive down the hierarchical ranks of an organisation. In doing so, being proactive and adapting to changes have become expectations at any organisational level.

This leads to the second dimension of entrepreneurial orientation – innovativeness. This refers to developing new processes, products, resources, services, markets or organisations. Entering the unknown space of innovation requires taking risks, which is the third dimension of entrepreneurial orientation.

In this new environment, job redesign, job rotation, or other innovative ways of inducing change in the workplace, happen naturally. What’s required is an entrepreneurial mindset at every level of the organisation, together with a paradigm shift on the use of digital platforms and technologies for new ways of working.

Redefining digital work platforms

Digital platforms have long been used for a number of efficiency-related reasons in business, such as better communication, access to information and resources, easier exchanges of financial and other forms of capital, and transfers of knowledge through collaborative work for open innovation and co-creation across organisational and national borders.

Yet, until the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, digital platforms were considered in great part peripherical to the physical workspace and human interactions. Not anymore, the paradigm shift to online and remote as the new norm has already happened. Technologies like Zoom or Microsoft Teams are only the surface of what the future could bring with metaverse virtual reality solutions at work.

In the new digital workplace, meeting in person is considered a rather dangerous (for reasons of  health and wellbeing) alternative that needs to be used sparingly. Thanks to digital work platforms, the notion of the office has transcended organisational boundaries, often entering peoples’ homes, and now occupies their free time and weekends just as a business would do for a 24/7 entrepreneur – but this process is not without other challenges.

The post-pandemic office

The physical office must not be ignored. Early in the pandemic, when working from home was still a novelty, many enjoyed the newfound convenience of not needing to commute to and from work. In addition, there was a sense that efficiency had improved as well. Meetings became far more transactional, where agendas were prepared, people spoke one at a time, and they finished when the work was done.

As the pandemic wore on, we started to notice some aspects of work that were made more difficult by being remote from each other. Minor disagreements between colleagues could fester because there were no easily accessible social mechanisms to diffuse the situation. As a result, minor disagreements could become sources of conflict and sometimes hostility.

Perhaps even more seriously, we started to miss the unplanned conversations that occur just because we happen to be in the same physical vicinity as others. The conversations when walking with a colleague to a meeting, over a cup of coffee on a break, in the canteen at lunchtime or on the way to station when leaving work. On Zoom and Teams, these conversations hardly ever happen. But why is this so important? There is a lot of evidence that suggests that it is these unplanned encounters that fuel creativity and innovation. The best ideas come from encounters with people we did not know we needed. The danger therefore for organisations that abandon the office completely is that it may lead to an innovation deficit.

What can the business managers of the future learn from this?

Organisations have reacted to the newfound freedoms of remote working in very different ways. Some have abandoned the office entirely, opting for the convenience and cost benefits of working from home. Others have gone to the other extreme and insisted that all staff return to the office. Given the importance of chance encounter to innovation, it is no surprise that some of the tech giants are among those pursuing this policy.

Most organisations, however, have opted for some sort of hybrid model, allowing employees to blend working from home with working from the office. What business managers need to ensure is that these decisions are based on the needs of the business rather than the opportunistic saving of real estate costs or the evidence of short-run added efficiencies.

In this light, the role of the office may also change in the future. The main purpose of the office could shift from one that encourages productivity in the workplace to one that encourages unplanned social encounter. Already, some organisations are starting to reimagine their offices as social hubs that are there specifically to fuel innovation.

Endrit Kromidha (left) is an Associate Professor in Entrepreneurship and Innovation at Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, and Director of the Birmingham MBA in Singapore. He is also an entrepreneur with industry experience in banking and finance, and the Vice-President for Policy and Practice at the Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship.

Matthew Thomas (right) is an Assistant Professor of Strategy and International Business at Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, where he lectures in international strategy, innovation and strategic change. His background is as a practicing manager, most recently with Assa Abloy, a Swedish organisation ranked as one of the world’s 100 most innovative companies by Forbes.

Mentorpreneurship: lifecycle support for students and innovators

Business Impact: Mentorpreneurship - lifecycle support for students and innovators

Mentorpreneurship: lifecycle support for students and innovators

Business Impact: Mentorpreneurship - lifecycle support for students and innovators
Business Impact: Mentorpreneurship - lifecycle support for students and innovators

Business degrees often top the leagues for popularity among undergraduate students, with many drawn towards this subject area as they feel it offers the best guarantee of post-study employment. 

With enrolments onto business studies degrees likely to continue rising over the next couple of years, increased emphasis needs to be placed on nurturing entrepreneurial thinking among business students, so that they can excel in their studies and create impact in the world once they graduate.

To achieve this, fundamental support and resources, such as mentoring, must be offered in order to help students understand what is required to run a successful business. But this alone is not enough – now, more than ever, mission-driven companies are outperforming more traditional business models and universities have a responsibility to fill a clear gap to provide specific and tailored entrepreneurship training to early-stage social ventures to help them grow and deliver social impact at scale.

The mentoring lifecycle in action

Mentoring has been used throughout history and the expectation is that the knowledge, power and influence of the mentor will assist the mentee in achieving their objectives in whichever aspect of their life or work they are being supported in. These relationships tend to be longer term, allowing mentees to benefit fully from learning and developing over time. This model has been used countless times within both education and the workforce, as it assists in embedding the learning that individuals undergo.

In more recent times however, mentoring has evolved and one new approach, among others, is a ‘lifecycle’ model which challenges traditional methods of mentoring by introducing ‘reverse mentoring’, where a senior leader is mentored by a younger or more junior employee. 

Educational institutions are beginning to adopt more radical models that are more representative, innovative, and diverse. LSE Generate, the entrepreneurship hub at the London School of Economics (LSE), has created the ‘Mentorpreneurship’ programme, in partnership with OakNorth Bank. The programme seeks to engage past, current and future student entrepreneurs in a lifecycle of mentoring, helping to develop their businesses and creative ideas. 

The model is designed to facilitate mentoring across the participating groups: [secondary/high] school students will be mentored by LSE students, early-stage entrepreneurs can receive support from alumni entrepreneurs who will have access to senior innovators, who will, in turn, be ‘reverse mentored’ by school students. Peer-to-peer support is also encouraged and supported across all of these groups.

Each year, LSE Generate will also host a tailored programme of online and offline activity. This includes mentor bootcamps, founders’ retreats, one-to-one coaching, keynotes, and pitching practices, alongside a series of podcasts and audiobooks to connect entrepreneurs with mentors locally and internationally. With several international entrepreneurship chapters across the world, including Mumbai, Chengdu, Los Angeles, and Lisbon, with Nigeria, Shenzhen and Colombo on the horizon, the programme aims to create an ongoing global community of support for socially conscious entrepreneurs. This approach ensures that mentorship is part of the DNA of impact-driven companies and founder mindsets rather than something that is sprinkled over business plans at a later stage.  

The importance of mentoring

Offering a lifecycle-style of support from the early stages of a student’s educational career up until graduating from university – and beyond – allows periods of sustained and productive activity, where pupils are continually reviewed and able to adapt to ensure that learning continues and is relevant. This generates a cycle of constant nurturing and support, resulting in more prepared, confident and business-minded students entering higher education with an increased likelihood of not just surviving but also thriving in the entrepreneurial environment. 

In the world of business, the ability to overcome adversity and accept a decent amount of failure are essential assets and mentorship facilitates this transfer of knowledge and insight, potentially having a huge impact on the resilience of both a founder and their team. Knowing that others have been through similar situations and have come out the other side can make a lasting impression. However, this exchange can be threatened if the mentorship fails to continue to proliferate and evolve. This is why the lifecycle model is a more sustainable and fruitful method – there is always someone new to learn from and something new to learn, even in challenging times. 

Mentors can play an important role in an individual’s success, and many CEOs say they have received some form of mentorship throughout their career journey. A good CEO will know that the use of mentoring, particularly the lifecycle model, can inject creativity, new perspectives and ideas where a business needs it most. This can help create a sense of security for potential investors due to added trust in startups who are recommended by experienced peers and open to learning – both giving and receiving advice from others. 

Strong relationships with the next generation can benefit leaders and investors with decades of industry experience equally. Strong mentee connections can help mentors obtain a greater understanding and respect for the guidance they give, as well as new insights into how their own business ventures can relate to new ideas.  

The role of business schools and universities

Much of the resources that universities and business schools provide – including assisting students in making the transition from education to the startup world through career-planning programmes and mentoring – have grown in popularity as proven methods of supporting students. By offering mentorship at the early stages of students’ studies and careers, mentors are allowing them to connect, collaborate and receive as much support as possible, which in turn often results in increased alumni engagement and more significant prospects for future endeavours.

In particular, universities have a duty to advocate for the creation of more socially conscious startups among their cohort of student entrepreneurs, especially given the current climate in which we find ourselves. Socially responsible companies tend to attract employees who are eager to make a difference in the world, cultivate positive brand recognition, and boost consumer loyalty. This type of business is becoming highly appealing to both consumers and shareholders alike, accelerating economic growth as well.

However, to achieve these business goals, student entrepreneurs need to connect with an alumni network of experienced professionals for crucial contacts, insight and motivational support. Universities should engage alumni mentors to improve a student’s overall education and career/business planning experience. Through mentoring programmes and by providing startups with mentors, universities are more likely to produce a portfolio of successful student entrepreneurs. However, to encourage thinking that is truly impact-driven, confront biases and stimulate innovation, the mentoring lifecycle approach goes one step further by integrating reverse and peer-to-peer communication. As a result, it supports entrepreneurship as a viable means of driving local change and establishing long-term impact communities. 

The future of mentorship in business

Recent times have proved hugely challenging for startup businesses but have also presented opportunities to think about the type of innovation and support needed to make a real difference in society. At LSE, the launch of the Mentorpreneurship programme comes at a time when the need for human interactions and mentorship is fundamental – not only to navigate the ups and downs of entrepreneurship, but also to create real change for the future. We believe that entrepreneurship should be the great equaliser. No matter what challenges the world presents, or where you are based, an inclusive startup culture that benefits a global community can flourish with the right support, access and materials. 

For entrepreneurs, learning rarely stops, and to foster the spirit of creative thinking, mentoring is most beneficial when it starts from the early stages of career development and continues throughout education and beyond. Universities play a crucial role in advocating and championing support for their business students, especially those looking to pursue entrepreneurial careers with a social purpose. 

By pioneering social impact businesses, universities demonstrate the value of social sciences, as well as the arts and humanities, in encouraging collaboration to tackle some of the world’s greatest challenges – and the lifecycle of mentorship is fundamental to this, helping to develop these businesses and creative ideas even further for the betterment of society.

LJ Silverman is Head of LSE Generate at the London School of Economics (LSE). Previously, she ran her own careers and recruitment consultancy focussed on climate change. LJ holds a BA and a master’s degree in modern and medieval languages from the University of Cambridge. 

This article originally appeared in the print edition (November 2021) of Business Impact, magazine of the Business Graduates Association (BGA).

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Transforming inclusion for people with disabilities

Business Impact: Transforming inclusion for people with disabilities

Transforming inclusion for people with disabilities

Business Impact: Transforming inclusion for people with disabilities
Business Impact: Transforming inclusion for people with disabilities

Diversity and inclusion is usually part of a business school’s strategy, but policies for people with a disability are not always covered.

I believe the subject of disability inclusion at international business schools is of great importance and should be discussed more. It should become an integral part of an inclusive strategy for schools worldwide.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disability inclusion means understanding the relationship between the way people function and how they participate in society, and making sure everybody has the same opportunities to participate in every aspect of life to the best of their abilities and desires. One billion people, or 15% of the world’s population, experience some form of disability. One-fifth of the estimated global total – or between 110 million and 190 million people – experience significant disabilities.

Given that disabilities have such wide-reaching effects, it’s surely important for international business Schools to understand how disabilities can uniquely impact a person, and in turn how Schools can offer their help and support. This may range from looking at application processes to scrutinising the accessibility of buildings and curricula. It includes support not only for the students, but also for the academics and employees (such as me) who work within business schools.

Drawing on first-hand experience

I was born and raised in Bruekelen, and having stayed close to my roots, am now working at the business school there: Nyenrode Business University. Disability inclusion is a topic close to my heart as I was born with hereditary spastic paraparesis and am a wheelchair user. This is a rare condition, caused by the impaired functioning of descending nerves in the spinal cord. It manifests in increasing spasticity, weakness and stiffness in both legs which can make it difficult to walk. While it cannot be prevented, slowed or reversed, some of its symptoms can be managed to make day-to-day activities easier.

Prior to my role at Nyenrode Business University, I graduated as a teacher of Dutch sign language. However, I found it challenging to find a job in this sector and, after my studies, I worked for a year in customer services at the Dutch railways. I came across the opening at Nyenrode Business University with the help of an employment agency. I began working here in 2016, initially  as programme co-ordinator at the Executive Education department, responsible for participant administration. 

In April 2021, I became programme advisor. I enjoy helping people find a programme that suits their learning needs. My typical day includes contacting people who have shown interest in a certain course, or offering my help to those who might have queries about studying at Nyenrode Business University. Our executive education offers approximately 100 programmes and there’s always something (not least an email or 10) to keep me busy. 

Trying to find a suitable programme for a student with a physical or learning disability is not always straightforward. For those who need extra support, there can be challenges to overcome, and I believe we need to support these students in their studies; for example, by adding more guidance and information about studying with a disability to our websites and making this information clearly visible on the homepage.  

I would also like to see brochures featuring images of both disabled and able-bodied people. Little things like this can make someone with disabilities feel more included, showing that their needs will be catered for. Universities should take the time to consider how they present themselves, and their accessibility and acceptance of disabled people. This would make a big difference to students with disabilities applying for their programmes, giving them confidence that an institution is able to offer proper support. 

Tips for business schools

My advice for schools includes making sure that application processes promote an inclusive environment. If your school is truly accessible to everyone, and is it possible for people with disabilities to study there, then make that clear. Upload details to your website and print it in your brochures. Enable students with disabilities to share their experiences with new students. Promote the fact that students with disabilities are welcome at your school. 

Inclusion for people with disabilities can often take a back seat in the face of other issues or priorities. Disability can fall behind the curve when it comes to business school strategy, in comparison to other diversity strands such as gender, race and sexual orientation. These receive more attention, perhaps because there is greater awareness of them. 

Many people within universities – students and academics alike – have had little experience of disability. Schools can make sure that policies and practices exist to make disability awareness more of a priority, and create an environment that is inclusive and accessible to all. In many cases, it is quite possible to study when you have a disability. However, I believe schools need think about, and help with, necessary adjustments.

There are various different strategies that international business schools can implement to encourage and develop a culture of inclusion. Preparation and awareness training is a great way to mitigate a lot of challenges. For example, making sure a building is accessible to those who use a wheelchair or require mobility aids makes it much easier and more comfortable for students with disabilities to move about. Installing equipment that supports students’ needs gives them full access to education. 

At Nyenrode, accessibility is something that has been thought through and has really benefited me. I can move around easily in my wheelchair in the newer buildings here. In fact, I can do so in all but the castle, which was built hundreds of years ago. Our location in Amsterdam is also accessible to those with unique requirements.

Meanwhile, improving the way in which information is delivered to those with learning disabilities can make teaching, and the curriculum, more accessible and welcoming; for example, using assistive technology or audio formats to encourage multi-sensory learning and to cater to the different ways in which a student may engage with information. This might include providing readings and printouts in a larger font, using Braille worksheets, or something as simple as improving the lighting in classrooms to make for a more comfortable learning environment. 

Simply facilitating a discussion between faculty and students on what, and how, improvements can be made can make a difference. This is something that happens at Nyenrode. Everyone is welcome here, as long as the study is suited to them. We discuss students’ needs, and together we will look for solutions. It doesn’t matter whether a student has a disability or not. 

Giving people the opportunity and tools to talk about their disability creates an open and transparent environment at a business school, and this is a really important way of bringing disability inclusion to the forefront of a school’s agenda. Through facilitating discussions, schools enable students to offer their own ideas and bring first-hand experience to the table around how to promote change in terms of the school’s facilities, organisations, curricula or policies. We find the conversations with prospective students to be very important. 

Bridging the gap between education and employment

Having addressed these practical issues, the next step for many business schools and universities to consider is bridging the gap between study and employment for those with disabilities. When looking at my own situation a number of years ago, I recall that the School I attended in Utrecht provided little in the way of help when I was considering life after university. As a result, I had trouble find an internship and was apprehensive about applying for jobs subsequently, expecting to face similar issues. Writing my résumé was also a challenge due to the lack of guidance. 

For example, I struggled with whether or not to state on applications that I was in a wheelchair. I wasn’t sure whether to introduce the subject during the first few emails. However, fortunately, at my school, I spotted a flyer on the bulletin board advertising an employment agency for people with disabilities – named ‘Emma at Work’ – so I reached out to them. 

Emma at Work is specifically designed to help young people with disabilities find employment. The agency started in 2006 from a project in the Emma Children’s Hospital (EKZ) Amsterdam UMC. After a year, it became an independent foundation, growing into a non-profit organisation. The agency is committed to closing the gap between young people who have a chronic illness or physical condition and the labour market. 

The agency helps to train and develop young people aged between 15 and 30 through its programme GAP Track. The aim is to find each applicant a job at a company that suits them. It wants to help create a society in which everyone can participate. I don’t think I would have been able to find a job so quickly without Emma at Work’s help. Thankfully, I found the agency, but I would like to see more faculty members having conversations with students with disabilities and giving them the sort of advice I received from the agency – especially when it comes to finding accessible internships. 

When considering the future of diversity and inclusion for all in business education, I am incredibly optimistic. The subject is becoming increasingly important, and I believe that more and more people are beginning to talk about disability. Already, there are many business schools providing disability co-ordinators, specific disability policies and pages of support on their websites. This is an important step in the right direction. 

I hope that, through sharing my own experiences – alongside those of others in similar situations – I can provide a positive example of how it is possible to overcome potential challenges and that this will serve as a message of encouragement to others. International business schools have the power to change perceptions. They can help to puncture the idea that students with disabilities will struggle to study or to work. They can help to provide environments that are truly inclusive to everyone. 

Naomi Vervaart joined Nyenrode Business University in 2016, working as Programme Coordinator in the School’s executive education department. In April 2021, she became a Programme Advisor at Nyenrode. Disability inclusion is a topic close toNaomi’s heart as she is a wheelchair user, having been born with hereditary spastic paraparesis.

This article was originally published in the print edition December 2021/January 2022 of the Ambition, magazine of the Association of MBAs (AMBA).

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Three topics every successful entrepreneur gets legal advice on

Business Impact: Three topics every successful entrepreneur gets legal advice on

Three topics every successful entrepreneur gets legal advice on

Business Impact: Three topics every successful entrepreneur gets legal advice on
Business Impact: Three topics every successful entrepreneur gets legal advice on

Legal structure, documentation and intellectual property. Solicitor and ‘entrepreneur in residence’, Michael Buckworth, looks at three areas that all startup founders need to get right

I advise founders to speak to a lawyer at the very start of their journey. There are so many potential pitfalls that can be avoided by getting the right advice upfront. However, there are three topics that come up time and time again, and these are as follows:

1. What legal structure should I use?

The country in which you choose to set up your business will have its own tax and corporate rules, so it’s important to be aware of those. However, in general terms, you have a choice as to whether to set up in business as an individual (as a ‘sole trader’) or operate through a company.

To set up as a sole trader, in most countries all you need to do is notify the tax authority that you’re self-employed. You then pay taxes on the profits that you make from your business, mots often at the end of the year. It’s nice and easy, and quick to get up and running. However, there is a downside: if something goes wrong, you’re personally liable for any losses. Other negatives of being a sole trader are that it is far harder to build a scalable business – you can’t raise investment by selling shares so you would have to borrow money instead – and many businesses don’t take sole traders as seriously as they take companies.

A company is a separate legal person owned by its shareholders. It can enter into contracts, borrow money, employ people, and sell shares in itself to raise money. In most countries, there is a type of company structure that has limited liability. This means that (in most circumstances) the company can go bust, but the personal assets of its shareholders and directors are protected. This is a big bonus for entrepreneurs embarking on the risky enterprise of setting up a startup.  The downside of companies is that they tend to be more expensive to set up and operate. You generally have to file accounts and returns with the regulator and comply with prescriptive rules when it comes to taking on new shareholders and raising investment.

How to decide which structure is right for you? My rule of thumb is that if you view your business as a hobby, something that will sit alongside your full-time job, work as a sole trader, at least to start with. However, if you plan to grow and scale a business as your key focus, go straight for a company.

2. What documentation do I need to have in place, and when?

Agreements have many purposes, but the most important is to exclude liability and limit risk – without an agreement in place with a counterparty, you have unlimited liability if something goes wrong. With that in mind, the most important document you will ever put in place is that with your customer. Your business faces risks as soon as it starts trading, so get your customer contract in place prior to launch.

If your business will process personal data (identifying information about individuals) you will need to publish a privacy policy that is compliant with the rules of your jurisdiction and those in which your customers are based. You will also need to ensure that you are compliant with the relevant rules as well, which may well require additional documentation.

One document that is often missed relates to the grant of ‘sweat equity’. Often, cash-poor entrepreneurs incentivise and remunerate co-founders and service providers by granting than shares in their company instead of cash. For tax reasons, shares may be issued upfront in contemplation of work that may well take place over an extended period of time. If that is the case, you need an agreement in place that regulates the work you require and provides a mechanism for clawing back the shares if providers don’t perform their obligations.

3. What do I need to think about in terms of intellectual property?

Everyone talks about intellectual property (IP), but what is it? IP refers to all the intangible stuff that is created as you go about setting up your business: your product name, logo, website design and content, social media images and videos, and any other visual or written work. Together with your product or service, these are important assets of your business, and you wouldn’t want anyone else to copy your IP and pass it off as their own.

Every person who contributes to your business is potentially a creator of valuable IP. However, in most countries, if that person isn’t an employee of your business, any IP they create belongs to them and not to you – even if you pay them for their work. Consequently, you need to ensure that any IP that they create is transferred to your business, and this is done by getting them to sign an IP transfer provision, either as a clause in a contract with them, or as a standalone document. My top tip to every entrepreneur is to get every contributor of IP to sign an IP transfer at the very beginning of the relationship – and this includes every co-founder.

Michael Buckworth is the author of Built on Rock: the busy entrepreneur’s legal guide to startup risk (Practical Inspiration Publishing, 2021). He is a Solicitor and the Founder of Buckworths, a UK law firm that works exclusively with startups and high-growth businesses. Michael is also an ‘entrepreneur in residence’ at London South Bank University and University College London.

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Pursuing purpose in your career and life

pursuing purpose in your career and life

Pursuing purpose in your career and life

pursuing purpose in your career and life
pursuing purpose in your career and life

Society in the western world has lived in a dearth of purpose since the 1970s, but now is a great time to pursue it once more, says McKinsey Consultant and author of Outgrowing Capitalism, Marco Dondi

What role should your job play in your life? The range of possible answers today is quite different to those of 100 years ago.

If you’ve never thought about this question, now might be a good time because the answer is often a window into the quest for our life purpose. Those who rarely ponder the question are likely to end up regretting it on their death bed.

A good sign that you are pursuing your purpose is that you are proud of who you are and are not afraid of people getting to know you. But what should you do today to be proud of yourself? What should you do to make your future self proud? You spend most of your waking time working – is this time spent in a meaningful way?

The historical decline of purpose

A century ago, most people gained pride from their role in the family, namely with men as breadwinners and women as caregivers. Work led to a material increase in living standards for both one’s own family and society at large, and in times of war, it contributed to survival, freedom and national pride. Over the last 50 years, these historical sources of pride and purpose have declined in the western world.

The fight for survival and freedom has, thankfully, almost disappeared from our day-to-day lives. Raising a family has become insufficient or secondary to finding purpose, as more women have joined the workforce and both men and women have delayed marriage and having children. Increases in living standards as a source of pride, meanwhile, started to plateau once the masses reached middle class. And work, that should have strengthened its contribution to purpose, has instead been sullied by a ‘wicked’ turn of capitalism.

At the worst possible time, the prevailing narrative among economists and politicians made shareholder profit the sole purpose of a business, and a person’s salary became the main measure of their worth. From the late 1970s, society has lived in a dearth of purpose. Some clung tightly to their family values, but divorces and wage stagnation among the middle classes made the road to purpose more arduous. Others espoused the pursuit of higher salaries and personal achievements, only to find out later in life that this road too often leads to perdition and narcissism.

But here come the 2020s. From the ashes of rising inequalities, social divisions, and the failures derived from letting greed loose in the financial markets, a new society is starting to take form. Businesses are repudiating shareholder capitalism and are placing all stakeholders – as well as purpose – back on the agenda. Some governments are prioritising people over money and ideology. Covid-19 lockdowns forced people to break away from habits and gave them the uncommon luxury of time to reflect. In addition, climate change provides a common enemy to fight against. By the end of 2021 the world was facing the start of The Great Resignation. Could this be the dawn of a new purposeful society?

The road to purpose in the 2020s

While a good dose of optimism is justified, younger generations should not be naïve in thinking they have tailwinds. Gender equality has long been a priority for most actors in society but after decades of struggle we are nowhere near a satisfactory situation. Much of the power to enact change has historically lain with senior white males at the top of the ladder, siloed by several layers of mostly male executives and managers. In this context, conscious and unconscious bias has made the road to gender equality a terribly frustrating one for hundreds of millions of women to this very day.

The road to purpose is likely to face similar barriers. There are decades-long habits and mindsets ingrained in your peers, your more senior colleagues and – depending on your age – they might even be ingrained in you too. There is a window now where people are more open to consider alternatives and look more favourably to a diversity of approaches for individuals to pursue purpose in their own way. But creating new habits will not happen overnight. People showing up less in the office might still be labelled as ‘they care less’. People de-prioritising a fast career trajectory might still be labelled as ‘less ambitious’ or ‘less capable’. All the while, businesses still need to turn profits, with markets pressuring for higher profits and faster growth than the competition. Many executives and managers will still look at numbers before people and have expectations of you.

Navigating your path to purpose

How can you navigate your path to purpose in these choppy waters? Is quitting the only solution? Should you set up your own business? Or should you hang on and chart your path in your current organisation?

The answers are, of course, many and diverse but here are four suggestions:

  1. Take time to reflect and gain clarity on the version of yourself that you would be proud to show the world and for the world to know – the version that you’d be proud of when looking back at your life. What would this version of you do, and why would you do what you do? This should give you a glimpse of land beyond the choppy waters and can be your guiding North Star.
  2. Get to know your strengths and weaknesses and set a path to purpose that plays to your strengths. Be humble when choosing or you’ll be, quite literally, fooling yourself. Ask others for an honest opinion, after all, it’s not too difficult to listen to others’ talking about where you excel.
  3. Stay open to changing what you do to live up to your purpose. There are multiple paths to reach your North Star, so you might want to stay relatively detached from any one path in particular. Stay nimble and acknowledge that some waves are too big to surf.
  4. Be consistent with who you want to be even when you’re faced with more complex situations. We have a cunning tendency to create justifications when we take decisions that are at odds with our principles. This helps superficially but a deeper reflection will uncover the inconsistency. It is better to keep a tight grip on the steering wheel than to follow the waters wherever they take you and fool yourself into believing that it was your intended course.

Now is a great time in history to pursue purpose. However, the pursuit is yours to captain.

Main image credit: Patrick Fore on Unsplash

Marco Dondi is a Strategy Consultant at McKinsey & Company and former global manager for economic development working on labour markets. He is also the author of Outgrowing Capitalism (Fast Company Press, 2021). Marco holds an MBA from INSEAD and a master’s in management, economics and industrial engineering from Politecnico di Milano.  

 

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How to practice conscious leadership

Business Impact: How to practice conscious leadership

How to practice conscious leadership

Business Impact: How to practice conscious leadership
Business Impact: How to practice conscious leadership

A conscious leader is self-aware, radically responsible, and focuses on forging a positive impact while building a community of ‘we’ rather than a culture of ‘me’, says Marika Messager

What is ‘conscious leadership? Ultimately, it means honouring your potential in everything you do. Embodying the principles of conscious leadership means standing firm on three pillars that I believe are essential to achieving it: clarity, presence, and creation.

Three pillars of conscious leadership

1.* Clarity: knowing who you are, what you want, when to take action and how to go about it. Most leaders who lack self-awareness cannot bring their authentic self into situations and therefore either hide and manipulate, lack self-confidence, don’t feel good enough or suffer from impostor syndrome. When we come from a place of truth and authenticity, we come from a place of ‘soft power’; which means standing strong in our alignment while not needing to exert power over others, but rather, empower all to achieve our vision/mission.

2.* Presence: this refers to emotional intelligence and your ability to master your emotions; respond to challenges and opportunities in a way you’re proud of. A conscious leader practices emotional agility and has the capacity to maintain expansive emotions such as self-confidence, courage, trust, joy, and inner peace. All while minimising emotional triggers and outburst. Without presence it is extremely hard for any leader to truly level up.

3.* Creation: the strategic and execution plan (including the processes and systems) that you have designed from a place of clarity and presence. You will achieve more creative power when you have clear intentions and you have mastered your emotions.

Conscious leadership is a way of life, where one commits to living in the spirit of radical truth. Being aligned with one’s true self and therefore embodying that truth in every dimension of your life. In that process, a conscious leader is self-aware, radically responsible, and focuses on forging a positive impact while building a culture/family/community of ‘we’ rather than a culture of ‘me’.

How can conscious leadership help you create success?

Success is an inside job. The more conscious and self-aware you are, the more you understand that success is a perfect equilibrium between financial success, inner peace and making an impact.

Many people measure their effectiveness as a leader through the success that they’ve achieved. In my years of working with clients, I have observed two things. There are some who had a hard time attaining success and those who were able to grasp it in their hands easily. What is the difference between these two types of leaders?

  • People who have a hard time achieving their goals have a hard time making decisions and are sometimes so stuck that they are unable to make decisions at all. They often feel fear or frustration which freezes them and renders them useless and unable to make a choice. There is a large percentage of people who find it hard to find success because they see consciousness as an illusion and they refuse to embark on efforts that will make them more self-aware.
  • On the other hand, leaders who seem to find themselves celebrating one win after another have a very distinct characteristic. It is easy for them to make decisions. They seem to do everything the right way, at the right time. They always seem confident and always ‘in the flow’. They are in momentum, make accurate decisions and expand in all areas of their lives. The leaders who fall under this category see consciousness as a truth. They continually work on themselves to achieve higher levels of consciousness. They understand that in order to access or maintain higher levels of leadership, they have to embrace the ‘conscious path’ in order to stay ahead. These are conscious leaders.

Awareness and conscious leadership

Conscious leadership is having the awareness of your physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual bodies. Without self-awareness and self-leadership, nothing happens: you have to work on yourself first.

Consciousness works on the persona of the ‘Healed Healer’. The four aspects of awareness are detailed below:

1.* On a mental level, you are aware of your thoughts and have the ability to choose what you want to focus on. You have mastered the power of intention.

2.* On an emotional level, you have the capacity to feel your emotions, both negative and positive, release what no longer serves and bring yourself back into emotional alignment once triggered. You are not operating from your wounds, but rather from a strong emotional core.

3.* On a physical level, you understand that taking care of your physical self is a pre-requirement to emotional and mental mastery. You have practices that support your potential and the ability to break free from unhealthy habits or addictions.

4.* On a spiritual level, you are strongly in tune with your purpose and operate from your personal vision of positive impact. You have learned to trust your intuition, developed a sound understanding of spiritual technologies and stepped into your creator power.

Conscious leadership in the organisation

In our business, we believe in the principle of ‘elevating humanity through business and elevating business through humanity.’ Through humanity, we raise consciousness in business and through business we raise consciousness in humanity.

In any organisation, conscious leaders want to be a force for good for the people they work with, the stakeholders, and the planet. They come from a place of innovation and a commitment to access market leadership with the understanding that a conscious business is based on the three pillars of profit, people and planet.

Our mission is to guide curious minds into the world of consciousness and its possibilities. We believe that as we create conscious success in all dimensions of our lives, we become human beings driven to foster a positive impact on the world and create a better future for all. Now more than ever, it is time for conscious leadership.

Main image credit: Marc Sendra Martorell on Unsplash

Marika Messager is the CEO and Founder of ConsciousLeadership.org. She has a background in the financial markets, where she was recognised as one of the industry’s most successful equity sales professionals, making it to a seven-figure annual compensation at the age of 31 and managing 40 people across Europe at 34. 

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How to answer tricky interview questions

Business Impact: How to answer tricky interview questions

How to answer tricky interview questions

Business Impact: How to answer tricky interview questions
Business Impact: How to answer tricky interview questions

Congratulations, you’ve been selected for interview – now comes the nerve-wracking part. Get some advice on preparing for, and answering, questions designed to explore your decision-making and reveal your potential

Job interviews are the single most important part of the work selection process – for you and for your future employer. Once your CV has shown that you meet the basic skills and background requirements, the interview then establishes how well you might fit into an organisation’s culture and future plans.

Most interview questions are generally straightforward, unambiguous enquiries, but some interviewers like to surprise you by asking questions specifically intended to explore your thinking and expectations. Or they might try to throw you off guard to see how you react in high-stress or confusing circumstances. Or they may not be intentionally tricky at all. The interviewer may not be very experienced and so ask you questions which seem unrelated to you and the position.

Answering tricky questions successfully could help you gain the position you are applying for, but remember that the nature of the questions, and how your answers are received, can tell you volumes about whether this is a company you would really want to work for.

Prepare for the interview

1. Think about the potential questions

Spend time in advance thinking about questions you might be asked during the interview. Also, study lists of questions that are available online and formulate possible answers. Although you may not be asked those questions specifically, being well prepared will help you feel relaxed, confident and capable.

2. Think about the purpose

The best job interviews are positive encounters that allow a two-way exchange of information. It may feel as though the employer has all the power as it is they who will decide whether or not to offer you the job. But, in fact, it is you who holds the power – it is you who will decide whether or not to accept the job. So, interviews are just as important for you as they are for the interviewer. Keeping this power balance in mind will help you stay calm, dignified, and clear-headed.

3. Think about the interviewer

It is safe to assume that the interviewer is slightly uncomfortable with the process too. Not many people enjoy grilling a stranger. Remember that you may be the 25th candidate this week and the interviewer may be quite sick of asking the same questions and hearing the same rehearsed answers. Remember, too, that the interviewer was once sitting in your seat, applying for his or her job within the company and worrying about the same surprise questions. Establishing some empathy with the interviewer can help to make the encounter more relaxed.

Communicate effectively during the interview

Never lie. Many interviewers do this work for a living, so they have heard all the ‘correct’ answers many times before. Don’t trot out what you think the interviewer wants to hear. Instead, be candid and clear, and use lengthy answers only when you think that demonstrating your thought processes in detail will add valuable information.

Be sure you understand the question. If the question is unclear, ask for clarification. ‘I’m not sure what you mean. Could you explain?’ or ‘could you rephrase that question?’ are perfectly acceptable queries in any civilised conversation. Job interviews are no different. Similarly, if you didn’t hear the question properly, don’t be afraid to ask for it to be repeated.

Be prepared to answer questions about salary. You can politely decline to give details about past salary and future expectations if you wish, but be warned that this is difficult to do without creating a bad atmosphere in the interview. The most important thing is to keep the focus on your worth, not your cost.

Many companies offer salaries only at a certain percentage above a candidate’s previous salary. However, if your previous salary was below the market average or your worth, this doesn’t mean you should be forced to accept a lower salary in the future. Decide before you go into the interview on a salary range that is acceptable to you. Make sure the top of the range is well above the figure you would be thrilled to accept, and the bottom of the range slightly above your predetermined ‘walk-away’ figure.

Deal with tricky questions

There are roughly eight areas of questioning that could pose a challenge in the interview:

  1. Your experience and management skills
  2. Your opinion about industry or professional trends
  3. The reasons why you are leaving your current job
  4. The financial or other value of your past work and achievements
  5. Your work habits
  6. Your salary expectations
  7. Your expectations for the future
  8. Your personality and relationship skills or problems

Identify the topic areas that might be the trickiest for you, then think carefully about how you might answer them. You don’t want to have to try to blag your way through difficult parts of the interview, and you certainly shouldn’t lie. However, you should also be wary of rehearsing answers to anticipated questions word for word, as this is likely to come across as false and insincere, too.

Your solutions to ‘scenario’ type problems will tell the interviewer a lot about you – whether you can make tough decisions, for example, or if you have leadership qualities.

Questions about your weaknesses are usually designed to discover the extent of your self-knowledge. Keep your answers short and dignified. Identify only one area of weakness that you’re aware of and describe what you are doing to strengthen that area to demonstrate your enthusiasm for self-development. Try to avoid using the response of being a ‘perfectionist’ as it is a cliché. Remember, no one is perfect.

This is an edited excerpt from Get That Job: Interviews (Bloomsbury Business, 2022) from the Business Essentials series. Available in paperback, ebook and audio, £8.99 GBP. www.bloomsbury.com

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